法律面面观
《唐律疏议》
中国唐代刑律及其疏注的合编,中国现存最古、最完整的封建刑事法典。30卷。永徽元年(650),唐高宗命长孙无忌、李、于志宁等修《永徽律》,翌年颁行。三年,又令长孙无忌等对《永徽律》的精神实质和律文逐条逐句进行疏证解释,以阐明律条文义,并通过问答形式,剖析内涵,说明疑义,撰成《律疏》30卷,永徽四年颁行。《律疏》与《律》合为一体,统称《永徽律疏》(宋元时称作《故唐律疏议》,明末清初始名《唐律疏议》)。《律》和《疏》具有同等的法律效力。此后《律》文无甚改动,诸帝的增损、编纂多为“令”和“格”、“式”,可谓《唐律》已基本定型。唐朝法典至今只有《唐律疏议》和《唐六典》传世,余均亡佚。《唐律疏议》的律文和疏文反映了唐代社会各阶级、各阶层的法律地位及其相互之间的关系,以及某些政治经济制度,是研究唐代历史的重要文献。《唐律疏议》总结以往各王朝的立法经验及其司法实践,折中损益,使之系统化和周密化。为以后历代刑律的蓝本。《唐律疏议》对古代亚洲各国法典亦产生重大影响。古代日本、朝鲜、越南等国的立法,大都摹仿《唐律》。国际法制史学者将《唐律疏议》与欧洲的《罗马法》相提并论,并视之为古代中国(华)法系的代表著作。现存《唐律疏议》的最古刊本,有上海图书馆藏宋刻本残卷,北京图书馆藏宋刻残本等。敦煌吐鲁番出土文书中有唐写本《律疏》残卷。在日本也藏有文化二年(1805)官版本等多种古写本、刻本。1983年中华书局出版了刘俊文校点的《唐律疏议》。宋刊本不附《律疏》的《唐律》,也已经由上海古籍出版社影印出版。
审计案例研究课程期末复习
第一章审计业务承接和审计规划 案例一、审计业务承接重点掌握内容
●了解被审计单位的基本情况。●了解被审计单位的工作程序。重点关注的相关事项:
Δ被审计单位的诚信正直与经验能力;Δ与企业经营和行业环境有关的因素;
Δ与审计风险相关的其他重要事项
审计风险的初步评估审计风险(AuditRisk)
固有风险(InherentRisk)
控制风险(ControlRisk)
检查风险(Detecti0nRisk)
Δ审计风险=固有风险×控制风险×检查风险
案例二、审计计划阶段的
分析性复核
重点掌握内容:分析性复核常用方法:简易比较法结构百分比法比率分析法趋势变动分析法等●分析性复核常用指标:偿债能力比率财务杠杆比率 经营效率比率获利能力比率
重要性标准估计方法:Δ会计报表层次重要性水平的估计方法Δ账户或交易层次的重要性水平的估计方法
第二章销货与收款循环
审计案例
案例一、销售收入审计案例 重点掌握内容:
销售收入的确认;关联方交易的审查;截止期测试的方法;
案例二、应收款项及坏帐准备审计案例 重点掌握内容:
应收账款的审计;应收账款的函证方法; 坏账准备的审核
第三章购货与付款循环 审计案例 案例一、应付账款审计案例
重点掌握内容:查找未记应付账款的方法;应付账款与应收账款审核的不同点
案例二、固定资产审计案例
重点掌握内容:固定资产增加、减少、计提折旧的审核;固定资产减值准备的审核
第四章生产与费用循环
审计案例 案例一、存货审计案例
重点掌握内容:存货监盘程序与方法;存货所有权的确认
案例二、生产成本审计重点掌握内容:
生产成本的分析性复核;生产成本与销售成本倒轧表的编制;第五章筹资与投资循环;
审计案例
案例一、负债融资审计案例 重点掌握内容:财务费用的确认;资本性支出与收益性支出的划分
案例二、权益融资审计案例 重点掌握内容:实收资本的确认; 资本形态的核实; 资本公积的确认
盈余公积的比例与用途
案例三、投资审计案例重点掌握内容:投资成本的确认;长期投资的核算方法:成本法和权益法;第六章货币资金审计案例;第六章货币资金审计案例
重点掌握内容:现金盘点表
银行存款的核对;大额现金和银行存款的支出的审核;第七章损益形成与利润分配;
循环审计案例
案例一、损益形成审计案例重点掌握内容: 利润表的审核;
利润构成项目的审核;
利润试算平衡表的编制
案例二、利润分配审计案例重点掌握内容:
利润分配顺序;应纳税所得额的确认;利润分配项目的审核;以前年度损益调整帐户的运用;第八章期初余额、期后事项;
与审计报告案例
案例一、期初余额审计案例 重点掌握内容:
期初余额的审核方法;期初余额对审计意见类型的影响;
案例二、期后事项审计案例 重点掌握内容:
期后事项类型的确定;期后事项的调整方法;期后事项对审计报告的影响;审计报告日期的填写方法
案例三:审计报告案例 重点掌握内容:以前年度审计滚动分录、重分类分录、调整分录的含义
审计报告的意见类型
第九章验资和经济责任
审计案例案例一、验资案例
重点掌握内容:验资业务的类型;验资的主要方法;验资报告的撰写;
案例二、经济责任审计案例 重点掌握:
经济责任审计的主要内容;经济责任审计与其它审计的不同点;第十章审计法律责任与审计;
质量控制案例
案例一、注册会计师审计法律责任重点掌握内容:
注册会计师的审计的法律责任;审计期望差异的形成原因;注册会计师承担法律责任的判定
案例二、审计质量控制案例重点掌握内容:
全面审计质量控制体系的主要内容;项目审计质量控制的主要内容;
四、复习题型
1.客观性试题:单项选择题、多项选择题、判断并改错题;2.主观性试题:单项案例题、综合案例题
开放英语1(1)语法复习练习题
1. He ______ Shanghai.
a. work atb. works inc. works atd. work in
2. She is playing ____ football.
a. ab. anc. /d. the
3.A: What ____ Xiao Wang ____?
B: He likes _____ rugby.
a. do…like/playingb. do…like/playc. does…like/playd. does…like/playing
4. A:_______?B: He is in Canada.
A:_________?B: He is American.
a. Where is Tom; Where is he fromb. Where is Tom from; Where is hec. What does Tom do; What is hed. What is Tom; What does he do
5. Look at that girl. ___ is beautiful and ____ face is like an apple.
a. she…herb. her…herc. he…hisd. his…he
6. He often eats banana ___ his breakfast and eats fish ___ breakfast time.
a. at…forb. for…inc. at…ford. for…at
7. It’s 7:45. So it is ____.
a. a quarter to eightb. a quarter past seven
c. three quarter to eightd. three quarter past seven
8. I study English every day ___ one hour.
a. atb. forc. ind. to
9. He often gets up ___ 7:00.
a. atb. onc. ind. to
10. He works from 8:00 ___ 12:00.
a. atb. onc. ind. to
11. Beijing is ___ big city and ____ capital of China.
a. a…theb. the…ac. a…ad. the…the
12.He works ____ medicine. He works ____ Shanghai. And he works _____ Xiao Wang.
a. in…at…forb. for…in…withc. with…in…ford. in…in…with
13.A:What do you do?B: _______.
- I like Englishb. I study Englishc. I do the shoppingd. I am a student
14. A: Have you got any foreign(外国的) teacher?B: Yes, I ____.
a. dob. doesc. amd. have
15. What ___ you doing now?
16. What ____ it mean?
17. He has two sisters, but I _____ got any sister, and she ____ have any sister, either.
a. haven’t…doesn’tb. have…notc. don’t have…don’td. don’t…doesn’t
18. How about ____ a cup of coffee with me?
- havingb. to havec. haved. having
19. How long ____it ____ to finish the work?
a. does…takeb. does…needc. does…shouldd. does…use
20. I don’t like the book because it is ____.
too interesting(有趣)b. not interestedc. interesting enough d. not interesting enough
21. I can ____ a cake.
a. makeb. to makec. makingd. do
22. A: What ____the weather like in Beijing? B: It ____ raining.
a.does…is b.is…does c.is…is d. does…does
23. A: _____ do I get to the hospital? B: You can _____ bus. A: ______ do I get off?
a.Where…take…How b.How…by…Where c.Where…by…How d.How…take…Where
24. Where is ____ nearest supermarket?
a. ab. anc. thed. /
25. I often get ___ at 7:00 in the morning and get ___ at 18:00 after work.
- out…offb. up…back c. down…ond. up…out
26. What ____ he look like?
doesb. doc. isd. are
27. Would you like ____ a cup of coffee?
a. haveb. somec. med. /
28. Would you like ____ go shopping?
a. dob. toc. doingd. /
29. You _______ to do it now?
a. needn’tb. don’t needc. not needd. need not
30. _____people do you need?
- How manyb. How much c. How oftend. How long
31. I don’t have ____ sister.
a. someb. anyc. ad. the
32. Would you like ____ tea?
a. someb. anyc. ad. the
33. _____ will you go? New York or London?
a. Whenb. Wherec. Whyd. How
34. A: _____ do you often go to work?
B: From Monday to Friday.
a. Whenb. Wherec. Whyd. How
35. A: ______ do you read this book?
B: Because it is an English book.
a. Whenb. Wherec. Whyd. How
36. How do you _____ BTVU?
a. thinkb. thinksc. think ofd. think at
37. A: He has got a new flat.B: So_____ I.
a. dob. amc. haved. has
38. What’s ____ today? A film or a drama?
a. onb. atc. ford. in
39. He prefers playing football to ____ .
- play pianob. playing piano
c. playing the pianod. play the piano
40. She is keen ____ cooking.
a. onb. atc. ford. in
41. Please show me _____ use the machine.
a. tob. how toc. howd. /
42.We often work ____ Monday to Friday, but sometimes we also work ___ Saturdays.
a. on…on theb. from…onc. on…ond. at…in
43. _____ country will you go?
a. Whenb. Wherec. Whyd. Which
44. His lesson is __, so the students are ___.
- interesting…interestingc. interested…interesting
- interesting…interestedd. interested…interested
45. She is worried _____ his study.
a. inb. aboutc. byd. to
46. Xiao Li ____ in Shanghai yesterday.
a. isb. wasc. ared. were
47.A: _____ he swim? B: Yes, he can.
a. Canb. Doesc. Isd. Has
48. Mary is ______ Tom on English.
- keener thanb. the keenest
c. more keen thand. keener from
49. The weather is _____ today.
a. badder thanb. more bad c. worse thand. worse
50. He is ______ reading than her.
a.experienceder atb. more experienced at
c.more experienced ind. more experienced about
51.There _____ some wine here and there ____ some bottles of milk there.
a.is…isb.are…arec. is…ared. are…is
52. We have _____ snow in winter so it is very cold.
a.too many b.too muchc.enoughd.a little
53. My father makes a model ship ____ me, and I make him____ a cake.
a.for…/ b.from…to c.to…ford. on…from
54. He will pay me ____ the book.
a. forb. fromc. tod. on
55. Don’t tell it ____ anyone else.
a. forb. fromc. tod. on
56. I read English books ____ day.
- everyb. oncec. two mornings ad. two times a
57. ______ to work this Sunday?
- Do you haveb. Have youc. Should youd. Need you
58. I have got ____ bad earache.
a. ab. anc. thed. /
59. A: How __ you feel? B: I___ feeling ill.
- do…dob. are…doc. do...amd. are…am
60. You ____ stay in bed, and you ____ to have a rest.
a. should...shouldb. need…needc. need…shouldd. should…need
61. He goes to her home, but she goes out with ___.
纳税会计总复习
考试题型:一、单选题10分10题二、多选题10分5题三、判断题10分10题四、简答题10分1题五、计算题15分3题六、业务题45分3题
第一章纳税会计概述1、纳税会计对象2、纳税会计与财务会计的联系与区别3、税负调整4、纳税人权利和义务5、计算
第二章增值税会计1、增值税纳税人2、一般纳税人与小规模纳税人的区别3、税率4、减免税5、计税销售额的确定6、当期销项税额的时间确定7、出口退、免税的范围8、出口免抵退的步骤9、“应交税金—应交增值税”明细帐10、计算
第三章消费税会计1、消费税含义2、减免税3、视同销售销售额的确认4、从量定额5、复合征收6、计算
第四章营业税会计1、征税范围2、减免税3、计算第五章关税会计1、纳税人2、征税范围3、税率4、减免税5、关税缴纳6、计算
第六章城市维护建设税会计1、纳税人2、税率3、计税依据4、纳税环节5、减免税6、计算
第七章、企业所得税会计1、与流转税相比,所得税有哪些特点2、征收制度3、税率4、减免税5、准予扣除项目6、所得税清算的会计处理7、计算
第八章、外商投资企业与外国企业所得税会计1、税率2、减免税3、再投资退税4、征收管理5、应纳税所得额的确定6、计算
第九章、个人所得税会计1、纳税人2、计算
第十一章、资源税会计纳税期限计算
第十二章耕地占用税和土地使用税会计耕地占用税含义计税依据土地使用税征税范围计算
第十三章土地增值税会计征收范围减免税准予扣除项目金额的确定
第十四章印花税会计税款缴纳计算
第十五章车船使用税会计征收对象和范围纳税期限和地点
第十八章房产税会计税率计算
第十九章契税会计
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